{"tema_id":"87","string":"Production and exchange","created":"2025-02-02 12:33:57","code":null,"notes":[{"@type":"Scope note","@lang":"en-US","@value":"Use for works describing the Montessori principle and practice through which adolescents experience producing goods or providing services and exchanging their contributions within authentic social and economic relationships. Includes agricultural production, craft production, community enterprises, shops, and associated responsibilities as part of adolescent development and education. Distinguish from vocational preparation. "},{"@type":"Historical note","@lang":"en-US","@value":"Contemporary practitioners have used \u201cmicro-economy\u201d for school-community enterprises. Dowell\u2019s account describes a preference for the term \u201cproduction and exchange,\u201d as it preserves the broader social experience of purposeful, productive work within the context of the adolescent's work toward economic independence and participation in society (Dowell, 2020). Source: [International Montessori Training Institute] International Montessori Training Institute. (n.d.). Explore the blog. https:\/\/www.montessori-imti.org\/blog"},{"@type":"Definition","@lang":"en-US","@value":"In Montessori adolescent environments, production and exchange refers to participation in purposeful work that produces goods or provides services of value, and the exchanging of such contributions within a community. Such activities, introduced in the (3rd) Third plane of development, related to real-world economic participation, empower adolescents to engage meaningfully in economic and social interdependence. "},{"@type":"Bibliographic note (Maria Montessori Sources)","@lang":"en-US","@value":"Montessori, M. (2007). From childhood to adolescence (pp. 65-70). Montessori-Pierson Publishing Company. (Original work published 1948) "},{"@type":"Bibliographic note (Maria Montessori Sources)","@lang":"en-US","@value":"Montessori, M. (2007). Education and peace (pp. 28-29). Montessori-Pierson Publishing Company. (Original work published 1949) "},{"@type":"Bibliographic note (Maria Montessori Sources)","@lang":"en-US","@value":"Montessori, M. (2019). Citizen of the world: Key Montessori readings (pp. 36-37). Montessori-Pierson Publishing Company. "},{"@type":"Bibliographic note (Montessori Related Sources)","@lang":"en-US","@value":"Dowell, E. (2020, October 19). Production and Exchange...Where\u2019d Microeconomy Go? International Montessori Training Institute. https:\/\/www.montessori-imti.org\/blog\/wheredidmicroeconomygo "},{"@type":"Bibliographic note (Montessori Related Sources)","@lang":"en-US","@value":"H\u00f6glund, J. M. (n.d.). Supporting Adolescent Development. Voices of AMI Training. Association Montessori Internationale. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https:\/\/montessori-ami.org\/trainingvoices\/supporting-adolescent-development "},{"@type":"Bibliographic note (Montessori Related Sources)","@lang":"en-US","@value":"Myers, K. (2017). Designing Montessori discipline frameworks for all settings. NAMTA Journal, 42(3), 43\u201347. https:\/\/archives.montessori-ami.org\/do\/d3de1db0-6863-4ac9-bdd8-879c3f0d81d3 "},{"@type":"Bibliographic note (Modern Scientific Insights)","@lang":"en-US","@value":"Celio, C. I., Durlak, J., & Dymnicki, A. (2011). A meta-analysis of the impact of service-learning on students. Journal of Experiential Education, 34(2), 164\u2013181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/105382591103400205 "},{"@type":"Bibliographic note (Modern Scientific Insights)","@lang":"en-US","@value":"Zarea, F., & Obschonka, M. (2026). Adolescent entrepreneurship education: How clear is the evidence? A theory-based evaluation framework and interpretative systematic review. Management Review Quarterly. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11301-026-00597-x "},{"@type":"Bibliographic note (Modern Scientific Insights)","@lang":"en-US","@value":"Gregorov\u00e1, A. B., Heinzov\u00e1, Z., Singh, S. S., Laven, R., Vamos, M., Arco-Tirado, J. L., Fern\u00e1ndez-Mart\u00edn, F. D., Gleeson, T., & Ryan, P. (2024). The impact of service-learning on secondary school students\u2019 social and civic competencies, and engagement and motivation in school perspectives from Europe. International Journal for Research on Service-Learning and Community Engagement, 12(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37333\/001c.127553 "}]}